Henry Louis Le Chatelier, a French chemist, developed a principle of chemical equilibrium in the late 1800s, which states:
A change in concentration, pressure or temperature to a system at dynamic equilibrium causes the position of the equilibrium to shift in the direction that minimises the change.
The principle is based on the thermodynamic properties of the equilibrium constant, which is dependent only on temperature for a particular reaction. Let’s look at how the factors, i.e. concentration, pressure and temperature, and see how they affect the equilibria of chemical reactions.